REFRIGERATION AND AIR-CONDITIONING (15ME551)CBCS SCHEME AND SYLLABUS,NOTES

REFRIGERATION AND AIR-CONDITIONING

(Professional Elective-I)

[AS PER CHOICE BASED CREDIT SYSTEM (CBCS) SCHEME]

SEMESTER – V

Subject Code - 15ME551

IA Marks - 20  

Number of Lecture Hours/Week - 03 

Exam Hours - 03

Tutorial - 00

Exam Marks 80  

Credits – 03   

Pre-requisites: Basic and Applied Thermodynamics 

Course objectives  

1.Study the basic definition, ASHRAE Nomenclature for refrigerating systems  

2.Understand the working principles and applications of different types of refrigeration systems  

3.Study the working of air conditioning systems and their applications  

4.Identify the performance parameters and their relations of an air conditioning system

   

Course Outcomes  

At the end of the course, the student will be able to:  

1. Illustrate the principles, nomenclature and applications of refrigeration systems.   

2. Explain vapour compression refrigeration system and identify methods for performance              improvement  

3.Study the working principles of air, vapour absorption, thermoelectric and steam-jet and               thermoacoustic refrigeration systems   

4.Estimate the performance of air-conditioning systems using the principles of psychometry.   

5.Compute and Interpret cooling and heating loads in an air-conditioning system

6.Identify suitable refrigerant for various refrigerating systems  

Module – I 

Introduction to Refrigeration –Basic Definitions, ASHRAE Nomenclature, Air Refrigeration Cycles-reversed Carnot cycle, Bell-Coleman cycle analysis, Air Refrigeration systems-merits and demerits and applications: Aircraft refrigeration cycles, Joule Thompson coefficient and Inversion Temperature, Linde, Claude and Stirling cycles for liquefaction of air.   

Industrial Refrigeration- Chemical and process industries,   Dairy plants, Petroleum refineries,  Food processing and food chain, Miscellaneous   8 Hours    

Module – II 

Vapour Compression Refrigeration System(VCRS): Comparison of Vapour Compression Cycle and Gas cycle, Vapour Compression Refrigeration system  Working and analysis, Limitations, Superheat horn and throttling loss for various refrigerants, efficiency, Modifications to standard cycle – liquid-suction heat exchangers, Grindlay cycle and Lorenz cycle, Optimum suction condition for optimum COP – Ewing’s construction and  Gosney’s method. Actual cycles with pressure drops, Complete Vapour Compression Refrigeration System, MultiPressure, Multi-evaporator systems or Compound Vapour Compression Refrigeration Systems – Methods like Flash Gas removal, Flash inter cooling and water Inter cooli. 10 Hours  

Module – III  

Vapour Absorption Refrigeration Systems: Absorbent – Refrigerant combinations, WaterAmmonia Systems, Practical problems, Lithium- Bromide System, Contrast between the two systems, Modified Version of Aqua-Ammonia System with Rectifier and Analyzer Assembly. Practical problems – crystallization and air leakage, Commercial systems      

Other types of Refrigeration systems: Brief Discussion on (i) Steam-Jet refrigeration system and (ii) Thermoelectric refrigeration, pulse tube refrigeration, thermo acoustic refrigeration systems   8 Hours  

Module – IV 

Refrigerants: Primary and secondary refrigerants, Designation of Refrigerants, Desirable properties of refrigerants including solubility in water and   lubricating oil, material compatibility, toxicity, flammability, leak detection,   cost, environment and performance issues Thermodynamic properties of refrigerants, Synthetic and natural refrigerants, Comparison between different refrigerants vis a vis applications, Special issues and practical implications Refrigerant mixtures – zeotropic and azeotropicmixtures  

Refrigeration systems Equipment: Compressors, Condensers, Expansion Devices and Evaporators, A brief look at other components of the system.  8 Hours  

Module – V 

Air-Conditioning: Introduction to Air-Conditioning, Basic Definition, Classification, power rating, ASHRAE Nomenclature pertaining to Air-Conditioning, Applications of AirConditioning, Mathematical Analysis of Air-Conditioning Loads, Related Aspects, Different Air-Conditioning Systems-Central – Station Air-Conditioning System, Unitary Air-Conditioning System, Window AirConditioner and Packaged Air-Conditioner, Components related to AirConditioning Systems.  

Transport air conditioning Systems: Air conditioning systems for automobiles (cars, buses etc.), Air conditioning systems for trains,    Air conditioning systems for ships.   8 Hours      

TEXT BOOKS 

1. Roy J. Dossat, Principles of Refrigeration, Wiley Limited   

2. Arora C.P., Refrigeration and Air-conditioning, Tata Mc Graw –Hill, New Delhi, 2nd Edition, 2001. 

3. Stoecker W.F., and Jones J.W., Refrigeration and Air-conditioning, Mc Graw - Hill, New Delhi 2nd edition, 1982.    

REFERENCE BOOKS  

1. Dossat, Principles of Refrigeration Pearson-2006.  

2. McQuistion, Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning, Wiley Students edition, 5th edition                        2000.  

3. PITA, Air conditioning 4rth edition, pearson-2005  

4. Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning' by Manohar prasad  

5. S C Arora& S Domkundwar, Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Dhanpat Rai     Publication  

6. http://nptel.ac.in/courses/112105128/# 

Data Book:   

1. Shan K. Wang, Handbook of Air Conditioning and Refrigeration, 2/e, 2001 McGrawHill Education  

2. Mathur M.L. & Mehta ,Refrigerant and Psychrometric Properties (Tables & Charts) SI Units, F.S., Jain Brothers,2008 

GET IT IN PDF

CLICK HERE TO DOWNLOAD

Read More

DESIGN OF MACHINE ELEMENTS - I(15ME54)CBCS SCHEME AND SYLLABUS,NOTES

DESIGN OF MACHINE ELEMENTS - I 

[AS PER CHOICE BASED CREDIT SYSTEM (CBCS) SCHEME] 

SEMESTER – V 

Subject Code - 15ME54
IA Marks - 20  
Number of Lecture Hours/Week - 03 
Exam Hours - 03  
Tutorial - 02
Exam Marks 80  
Credits – 04   
  
Course Objectives 

1.Able to understand mechanical design procedure, materials, codes and use of standards 

2.Able to design machine components for static, impact and fatigue strength. 

3.Able to design fasteners, shafts, joints, couplings, keys, threaded fasteners riveted joints, welded         joints and power screws. 

  
Course outcomes 
On completion of the course the student will be able to 
1.Describe the design process, choose materials. 
2.Apply the codes and standards in design process. 
3.Analyze the behavior of machine components under static, impact, fatigue loading using failure theories. 
4.Design shafts, joints, couplings. 
5.Design of riveted and welded joints. 
6.Design of threaded fasteners and power screws  

Module-1 

Fundamentals of Mechanical Engineering Design 

Mechanical engineering design, Phases of design process, Design considerations, Engineering Materials and their Mechanical properties, Standards and Codes, Factor of safety, Material selection. 

Static Stresses: Static loads .Normal, Bending, Shear and Combined stresses.Stress concentration and determination of stress concentration factor.     10 Hours 

Module -2 

Design for Impact and Fatigue Loads 

Impact stress due to Axial, Bending and Torsional loads.  

Fatigue failure: Endurance limit, S-N Diagram, Low cycle fatigue, High cycle fatigue, modifying factors: size effect, surface effect. Stress concentration effects, Notch sensitivity, fluctuating stresses, Goodman and Soderberg relationship, stresses due to combined loading, cumulative fatigue damage.         10 Hours

Module -3

Design of Shafts, Joints, Couplings and Keys 

Torsion of shafts, design for strength and rigidity with steady loading, ASME codes for power transmission shafting, shafts under combined loads. Design of Cotter and Knuckle joints, Rigid and flexible couplings, Flange coupling, Bush and Pin type coupling and Oldham’s coupling. Design of keys-square, saddle, flat and father. 10 Hours 

Module - 4 

Riveted Joints and Weld Joints 

Rivet types, rivet materials, failures of riveted joints, Joint Efficiency, Boiler Joints, Lozanze Joints, Riveted Brackets, eccentrically loaded joints.  

Types of welded joints, Strength of butt and fillet welds, welded brackets with transverse and parallel fillet welds, eccentrically loaded welded joints.    10 Hours 

Module - 5 

Threaded Fasteners and Power Screws 

Stresses in threaded fasteners, Effect of initial tension, Design of threaded fasteners under static loads, Design of eccentrically loaded bolted joints.  

Types of power screws, efficiency and self-locking, Design of power screw, Design of screw 

jack: (Complete Design). 10 Hours 

Text Books: 

1.Design of Machine Elements, V.B.  Bhandari, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Ltd.,       New   Delhi, 2nd Edition 2007. 

2.Mechanical Engineering Design, Joseph E Shigley and Charles R.  Mischke. McGraw Hill      International edition, 6th Edition, 2009.  

Design Data Handbook: 

1.Design Data Hand Book, K.  Lingaiah, McGraw Hill, 2nd Ed. 

2.Data Hand Book, K. Mahadevan and Balaveera Reddy, CBS Publication 

3.Design Data Hand Book, S C Pilli and H. G.  Patil, I. K. International Publisher, 2010. 

Reference Books:   

1.Machine Design, Robert L. Norton, Pearson Education Asia, 2001.  

2.Engineering Design, George E. Dieter, Linda C Schmidt, McGraw Hill Education, Indian Edition,       2013. 

3.Design of Machined Elements, S C Pilli and H. G.  Patil, I. K. International Publisher, 2017. 

4.Machine Design, Hall, Holowenko, Laughlin (Schaum’s Outline series) adapted by S.K Somani,         tata McGraw Hill Publishing company Ltd., New Delhi, Special Indian Edition, 2008 

5.Design of Machine Elewments -1, Dr.M.H.Annaiah, Dr. C.N. Chandrappa, Dr.J.Suresh Kumar,           New Age International Publishers. 

GET IT IN PDF

CLICK HERE TO DOWNLOAD

Read More

DYNAMICS OF MACHINERY (15ME542)CBCS SCHEME AND SYLLABUS,NOTES

DYNAMICS OF MACHINERY   [AS PER CHOICE BASED CREDIT SYSTEM (CBCS) SCHEME]

SEMESTER – V

Subject Code - 15ME52
IA Marks - 20  
Number of Lecture Hours/Week - 03 
Exam Hours - 03  
Tutorial - 02
Exam Marks 80  
Credits – 04   

Course Objectives 

• To gain the knowledge static and dynamic equilibrium conditions of mechanisms subjected forces and couple, with and without friction. 
• Analyse the mechanisms for static and dynamic equilibrium. 
• To understand the balancing principles of rotating and reciprocating masses, governors and gyroscopes. 
• Analyse the balancing of rotating and reciprocating masses, governors and gyroscopes.  
• To understand vibrations characteristics of single degree of freedom systems. 
• Characterise the single degree freedom systems subjected to free and forced vibrations with and without damping. 

Course outcomes 

• On completing the course the student will be able to  
• Determine the forces and couples for static and dynamic conditions of four bar and slider crank mechanisms to keep the system in equilibrium. 
• Determine magnitude and angular position of balancing masses under static and dynamic condition of rotating masses in same and different planes.  
• Determine unbalanced primary, secondary forces and couples in single and multi-cylinder engine. 
• Determine sensitiveness, isochronism, effort and power of porter and hartnell governors. 
• Determine gyroscopic couple and effects related to 2, 4 wheeler, plane disc, ship and aeroplanes. 
• Understand types of vibration, SHM and methods of finding natural frequencies of simple mechanical systems. 
• Determine   equation of motion, natural frequency, damping factor, logarithmic decrement   of damped free vibration (SDOF) systems. 
• Determine the natural frequency, force and motion transmissibility of single degree freedom systems. 
• Determine equation of motion of rotating and reciprocating unbalance systems, magnification factor, and transmissibility of forced vibration (SDOF) systems.

MODULE 1 

Static force Analysis: Static equilibrium. Equilibrium of two and three force members. Members with two forces and torque, Free body diagrams, Static force analysis of four bar mechanism and Slider-crank mechanism with and without friction.  
Dynamic force Analysis: D’Alembert’s principle, Inertia force, Inertia torque. Dynamic force analysis of four-bar mechanism and Slider crank mechanism without friction, numerical problems.    10 Hours  

MODULE 2 

Balancing of Rotating Masses: Static and dynamic balancing, balancing of single rotating mass by balancing masses in same plane and in different planes. Balancing of several rotating masses by balancing masses in same plane and in different planes. 
Balancing of Reciprocating Masses: Inertia effect of crank and connecting rod, Single cylinder engine, balancing in multi cylinder-inline engine (primary and secondary forces), numerical problems.   10 Hours  

MODULE 3 

Governors: Types of governors, force analysis of Porter and Hartnell governors. Controlling force, Stability, Sensitiveness, Isochronism, Effort and Power.  
Gyroscope: Vectorial representation of angular motion, Gyroscopic couple. Effect of gyroscopic couple on plane disc, aeroplane, ship, stability of two wheelers and four wheelers, numerical problems.       10 Hours  

MODULE - 4 

Introduction & Undamped free Vibrations (Single Degree of Freedom) 
Types of vibrations, Definitions, Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM), Work done by harmonic force, Principle of super position applied to SHM. Methods of analysis – (Newton’s, Energy & Rayleigh’s methods). Derivations for spring mass systems, Natural frequencies of simple systems, Springs in series and parallel, Torsional and transverse vibrations, Effect of mass of spring and problems.   10 Hours  

 MODULE – 5 

Damped free Vibrations (Single Degree of Freedom) 
Types of damping, Analysis with viscous damping - Derivations for over, critical and under damped systems, Logarithmic decrement and numerical problems.  

Forced Vibrations (Single Degree of Freedom): 
Analysis of forced vibration with constant harmonic excitation, Magnification factor (M.F.), 
Vibration isolation - Transmissibility ratio, Excitation of support (absolute and relative), 
Numerical problems.    10 Hours  

Text Books: 

• Theory of Machines, Sadhu Singh, Pearson Education, 2nd Edition. 2007. 
• Theory of Machines, Rattan S.S. Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Ltd., New  Delhi,   3rd Edition, 2009. 
• Mechanism and Machine Theory, A. G. Ambekar PHI, 2007 
• Mechanical Vibrations, G. K.Grover, Nem Chand and Bros. 

Reference Books:  

• Mechanical Vibrations, S. S. Rao, Pearson Education Inc, 4edition, 2003.  
• Mechanical Vibrations, V. P. Singh, Dhanpat Rai and Company,  

GET IT IN PDF

CLICK HERE TO DOWNLOAD

Read More

TURBO MACHINES(15ME53)CBCS SCHEME AND SYLLABUS,NOTES

TURBO MACHINES [AS PER CHOICE BASED CREDIT SYSTEM (CBCS) SCHEME] SEMESTER – V 

Subject Code - 15ME53
IA Marks - 20  
Number of Lecture Hours/Week - 03 
Exam Hours - 03  
Tutorial - 02
Exam Marks 80  
Credits – 04   

 Module 1 

Introduction: Definition of turbo machine, parts of turbo machines, Comparison with positive displacement machines, Classification, Dimensionless parameters and their significance, Effect of Reynolds number, Unit and specific quantities, model studies.  (Note: Since dimensional analysis is covered in Fluid Mechanics subject, questions on dimensional analysis may not be given. However, dimensional parameters and model studies may be given more weightage.)  
Thermodynamics of fluid flow: Application of first and second law of thermodynamics to turbo machines, Efficiencies of turbo machines, Static and Stagnation states, Incompressible fluids and perfect gases, overall isentropic efficiency, stage efficiency (their comparison) and polytropic efficiency for both compression and expansion processes. Reheat factor for expansion process         (10 Hours) 

VTU Question Papers 
 VTU CBCS Results 
VTU NON CBCS Results 
VTU Notes 
VTU CIVIL ENG CBCS NOTES 
MECH VTU CBCS NOTES 
VTU CS CBCS NOTES PDF
VTU EEE CBCS SCHEME NOTES DOWNLOAD 
VTU EC CBCS SCHEME NOTES 
P Cycle And C Cycle VTU Notes 
VTU Civil Engineering Seminar Topics 
VTU Mechanical engineering seinar topics 
VTU CBCS Scheme Question Papers

Module 2 

Energy exchange in Turbo machines: Euler’s turbine equation, Alternate form of Euler’s turbine equation, Velocity triangles for different values of degree of reaction, Components of energy transfer, Degree of Reaction, utilization factor, Relation between degree of reaction and Utilization factor, Problems.  
General Analysis of Turbo machines: Radial flow compressors and pumps – general analysis, Expression for degree of reaction, velocity triangles, Effect of blade discharge angle on energy transfer and degree of reaction, Effect of blade discharge angle on performance, Theoretical head – capacity  relationship, General analysis of axial flow pumps and compressors, degree of reaction, velocity triangles, Problems.   (10 Hours) 

Module 3 

Steam Turbines: Classification, Single stage impulse turbine, condition for maximum blade efficiency, stage efficiency, Need and methods of compounding, Multi-stage impulse turbine, expression for maximum utilization factor. 
Reaction turbine – Parsons’s turbine, condition for maximum utilization factor, reaction staging. Problems.   (10 Hours) 

Module 4

Hydraulic Turbines: Classification, various efficiencies. Pelton turbine – velocity triangles, design parameters, Maximum efficiency.
Francis turbine - velocity triangles, design parameters, runner shapes for different blade speeds. Draft tubes- Types and functions. Kaplan and Propeller turbines - velocity triangles, design parameters. Problems.  (10 Hours) 

Module 5 

Centrifugal Pumps: Classification and parts of centrifugal pump, different heads and efficiencies of centrifugal pump, Minimum speed for starting the flow, Maximum suction lift, Net positive suction head, Cavitation, Need for priming, Pumps in series and parallel. Problems.  
Centrifugal Compressors: Stage velocity triangles, slip factor, power input factor, Stage work, Pressure developed, stage efficiency and surging and problems. Axial flow Compressors: Expression for pressure ratio developed in a stage, work done factor, efficiencies and stalling. Problems.  (10 Hours) 
  
TEXT BOOKS:  
1.An Introduction to Energy Conversion, Volume III, Turbo machinery, V. Kadambi and Manohar Prasad, New Age International Publishers, reprint 2008.  
2.Turbines, Compressors & Fans, S. M. Yahya, Tata McGraw Hill Co. Ltd., 2nd 
edition, 2002 
3.Turbomachines, B. U Pai , Wiley First Edition 2013. 

REFERENCE BOOKS:  
1.Principals of Turbo machines, D. G. Shepherd, The Macmillan Company (1964).  
2.Fluid Mechanics & Thermodynamics of Turbo machines, S. L. Dixon, Elsevier 
   (2005) Turbo machine, B.K.Venkanna PHI, New Delhi 2009. 
3.Text Book of Turbo machines, M. S. Govindgouda and A. M. Nagaraj, M. M.                            Publications, 4Th Ed, 2008.

GET IT IN PDF

CLICK HERE TO DOWNLOAD

Read More

MANAGEMENT AND ENGINEERING ECONOMICS(15ME51)CBCS SCHEME AND SYLLABUS,NOTES

MANAGEMENT AND ENGINEERING ECONOMICS  

[AS PER CHOICE BASED CREDIT SYSTEM (CBCS) SCHEME] 

SEMESTER – V 

Subject Code - 15ME51
IA Marks - 20  
Number of Lecture Hours/Week - 03 
Exam Hours - 03  
Tutorial - 02
Exam Marks 80  
Credits – 04   

Course outcomes 
On completion of this subject students will be able to 
1.Understand needs, functions, roles, scope and evolution of Management 
2.Understand importance, purpose of Planning and hierarchy of planning and also analyze its types 
3.Discuss Decision making, Organizing, Staffing, Directing and Controlling 
4.Select the best economic model from various available alternatives 
5.Understand various interest rate methods and implement the suitable one. 
6. Estimate   various depreciation values of commodities 
7. Prepare the project reports effectively. 

MODULE – 1  

Management: Introduction - Meaning - nature and characteristics of Management, Scope and Functional areas of management - Management as a science, art of profession - Management & Administration - Roles of Management, Levels of Management, Development of Management Thought - early management approaches – Modern management approaches. 
Planning: Nature, importance and purpose of planning process Objectives - Types of plans (Meaning Only) - Decision making Importance of planning - steps in planning & planning 
premises - Hierarchy of plans.  10 Hours 

MODULE - 2 

Organizing And Staffing: Nature and purpose of organization Principles of organization - Types of organization - Departmentation Committees- Centralization Vs Decentralization of authority and responsibility - Span of control - MBO and MBE (Meaning Only) Nature and importance of staffing- -:Process of Selection & Recruitment (in brief). 
Directing & Controlling: Meaning and nature of directing Leadership styles, Motivation Theories, Communication - Meaning and importance - coordination, meaning and importance and Techniques of Co Ordination. Meaning and steps in controlling - Essentials of a sound control system - Methods of establishing control (in brief)     10 Hours 

MODULE -3 

Introduction: Engineering and economics, Problem solving and decision making, Laws of demand and supply, Difference between Microeconomics & Macroeconomics, equilibrium between demand & supply, elasticity of demand, price elasticity, income elasticity. 
 Law of Returns, Interest and interest factors, simple and compound interest, Cash flow diagrams, personal loans and EMI payment calculation with flexible interest rates, Discussion 
and problems  10 Hours 

MODULE -4 

Present, future and annual worth and rate of returns: Basic present worth comparisons, Present worth-equivalence, Assets with unequal lives and infinites lives, future worth comparisons, payback comparisons, Equivalent annual worth comparisons, situations for annual worth comparisons. 
Asset life, Rate of return, minimum acceptable rate of return, IRR anomalies and misconceptions, Cost of capital, comparisons of all present future and annual worth with IRR, 
product costing, Discussions and problems    10 Hours 

MODULE -5 

Costing and depreciation: Components of costs, estimation of selling price, marginal cost, first cost, all kinds of overheads, indirect cost estimation with depreciation, mensuration and estimation of material cost, cost estimation of mechanical process, idling time.  
Product costing (approaches to product costing), causes of depreciation, methods of computing depreciation charges, straight line method, declining balance method, sum of years method, sinking fund method, service output methods, taxation concepts, personal income taxes and 
corporate taxes, Discussions and problems.  10 Hours 

TEXT BOOKS 

1. Principles of Management by Tripathy and Reddy 
2. Mechanical estimation and costing, T.R. Banga & S.C. Sharma, 17th edition 2015 
3. Engineering Economy, Riggs J.L. McGraw Hill, 2002 
4. Engineering Economy, Thuesen H.G. PHI , 2002 

REFERENCE BOOKS 

1.Management Fundamentals - Concepts, Application, Skill Development - Robers Lusier -                    Thomson 
2.Basics of Engineering Economy, Leland Blank & Anthony Tarquin, McGraw Hill 
    Publication (India) Private Limited  
3.Engineering Economics, R.Paneerselvam, PHI publication 
4.Fundamentals of Management: Essential Concepts and Applications, Pearson Education, Robbins       S.P. and Decenzo David A.  
5.Economics: Principles of Economics, N Gregory Mankiw, Cengage Learning  
     Modern Economic Theory, By Dr. K. K. Dewett & M. H. Navalur, S. Chand Publications

VTU Question Papers 

VTU CBCS Results

VTU NON CBCS Results

VTU Notes

VTU CIVIL ENG CBCS NOTES 

MECH VTU CBCS NOTES

VTU CS CBCS NOTES PDF

Read More